Le più belle rappresentazioni di guerrieri

[skubydu]

1 ora fa, King John dice:

Maison Palombo > Auction 19	Auction date: 12 December 2020
Lot number: 10
Lot description: Sicile - Gela - Drachme (480-475). Très rare dans cette qualité. Exemplaire de la vente Lanz 155 du 10 décembre 2012, N° 33. 4.10g - Jenkins 187 Superbe - AU Gela, on the southern coast of Sicily, had been founded by Dorian Greek colonists from the islands of Rhodes and Crete in 689 BC, and grew to become the most influential city of the island in the early fifth century BC. Already in the sixth century, the population had grown so much that colonists were sent from Gela to found the city of Acragas. In 505 BC, Kleander gained power and became the city's first tyrant - until his assassination in 498 BC. He was succeeded by his son Hippokrates, who - thanks notably to his cavalry commander Gelon - conquered neighbouring cities such as Leontini and Naxos. Hippokrates was killed in 491 BC, whilst fighting the native Sicels, and Gelon took power - becoming the city's third tyrant, capturing Syracuse in 484 BC and moving his capital-city there (leaving his brother Hieron in charge of Gela). Gelon died in 478 BC, after establishing the Deinomenid Tyranny which lasted until 466 BC, so this emission would be slightly posterior to his death, and the armed horseman on the obverse can certainly be interpreted as an homage. The reverse depicts the protome (head and upper torso) of the river-god Gelas as a bearded, man-faced bull. Gela meant 'ice' in the languages of the Opici and Siculi (as it does in Latin), and this local river - supposedly very cold - was mentioned by Virgil: '[the city? the river?] Gela, called by the nickname of its monstrous stream' (Aeneid 3.702: "immanisque Gela fluvii cognomine dicta") and by Ovid: 'And you, Gela, whose whirlpools must not be approached' (Fasti 4.470: "Et te vorticibus non adeunde Gela"). Its iconography is derived from that of Achelous the 'father of all rivers and of all nymphs' according to Homer, possibly derived from Asallúhi, the "princely bison" of Near Eastern traditions that "rises to the surface of the earth in springs and marshes, ultimately flowing as rivers" (G. Whittaker, "Milking the Udder of Heaven: A Note on Mesopotamian and Indo-Iranian Religious Imagery", in From Daēnā to Dîn, Wiesbaden 2009, p. 131). It is just after this series that the more common and well known type for Gela was introduced, with a quadriga driven by Nike on the obverse, and a youthful head of Gelas with fishes swimming around on the reverse, a design struck with little variations from circa 480/475 BC until the sack by the Carthaginians in 405 BC. Starting Price: 4000 CHF ILLUSTRAZIONE: "Partenza del guerriero", scena raffigurata su un'hydria a figure nere della seconda metà del VI secolo a. C. (Parigi, Louvre)

La lancia abbassata, sulla moneta, potrebbe avere altro significato? ( visto che nella ceramica con il guerriero in partenza è alzata).

skuby

[King John]

33 minuti fa, skubydu dice:

La lancia abbassata, sulla moneta, potrebbe avere altro significato? ( visto che nella ceramica con il guerriero in partenza è alzata).

skuby

Secondo il mio modestissimo parere sull'hydria la lancia è alzata verso l'alto per evitare di ferire involontariamente qualcuno (posizione di "riposo"); sulla moneta di Gela, invece, la lancia è puntata in avanti perchè il cavaliere è in posizione di attacco come avviene sulla tipologia più nota di monete coniate in quella città.

 

Leu Numismatik AG > Auction 6	Auction date: 23 October 2020
Lot number: 59 Price realized: 11,000 CHF   (Approx. 12,127 USD / 10,253 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: SICILY. Gela. Circa 490/85-480/75 BC. Didrachm (Silver, 20 mm, 8.73 g, 6 h). Nude bearded warrior riding horse to right, brandishing spear in his right hand and holding reins in his left. Rev. CEΛA Forepart of the river-god Gelas, in the form of a man-headed bull, to right. Jameson 582 (same dies). Jenkins, Gela, 11 (O6'/R5). A magnificent piece, very sharply struck on both sides and undoubtedly among the finest known. Very minor scratch on the obverse, otherwise, good extremely fine. From the Kleinkunst Collection, ex Triton I, 2-3 December 1997, 204. The nude warrior on horseback on the earliest coinage of Gela refers to the importance of the aristocratic cavalry in Sicily: unlike the mountainous Greek motherland, the south and east of the island formed ideal pastures for horses, and cavalry hence played a much more important role in warfare. This brought along significant political consequences, as the breeding of warhorses was expensive and thus in the hands of an elite class of landowners that dominated the Sicilian cities - differing, quite significantly, from the Greek mainland, where hoplite warfare was a major factor in the evolution of the Spartan state in the Archaic time and the rise of the Athenian democracy in the late 6th and 5th centuries. In late Archaic Gela in particular, the aristocratic cavalry shaped the political landscape: the tyrant Hippokrates (whose name literally means 'horse power'!) conquered considerable parts of eastern Sicily with a force of horsemen in 505-491 BC. He was succeeded by his senior cavalry officer Gelon, who, after the conquest of Syracuse, became the dominant political figure in Magna Graecia and gained immortal fame for repelling the great Carthaginian attack on the western Greeks in 480 BC. Estimate: 5000 CHF

[King John]

1 ora fa, coinzh dice:

asta gorny & mosch 275, 16 dicembre 2020, lotto 231

Gemme aus braunem Karneol mit Reiter.
Hellenistisch, 3. - 2. Jh. v. Chr. 1,4 x 1,7cm. Querovaler Intaglio. Darauf ein Reiter mit Helm, Schild und eingelegter Lanze im gestrecktem Galopp, wahrscheinlich Alexander der Große auf Bukephalos. Sehr schönes Stück!

Provenienz: Ex Sammlung K. G., Rheinland, erworben im deutschen Kunsthandel 1960er Jahre bis 2003.

Oval gemstone made of brown cornelian. Horseman with helmet, shield and spear at a gallop, probably Alexander the Great on his horse Bukephalos. Hellenistic, 3rd - 2nd century B.C. One tiny splinters at the lower rim is missing, otherwise intact. Beautiful piece!

Condition:  Winzige Absplitterng am unteren Rand, sonst intakt.

 

Prezzo di partenza 800 euro

le gemme greche sono rare, se è autentica non lo so dire, il prezzo di partenza a me sembra basso

 

 

 

 

Gemma di straordinaria finezza (se autentica) che mi ricorda questa moneta:

Numismatik Naumann (formerly Gitbud & Naumann) > Auction 92	Auction date: 2 August 2020
Lot number: 277 Price realized: 350 EUR   (Approx. 414 USD)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: PHRYGIA. Kibyra. Drachm (Circa 166-84 BC). Obv: Helmeted male head right. Rev: KIBYPATΩN. Warrior, holding spear, on horse rearing right. SNG Copenhagen 266 var. (OP on rev.); SNG von Aulock 3702. Condition: Good very fine. Weight: 3.54 g. Diameter: 16 mm. Estimate: 80 EUR

[King John]

Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger > E-Live Auction 2	Auction date: 22 November 2020
Lot number: 112
Lot description: RÖMISCHE MÜNZEN, RÖMISCHES KAISERREICH CARACALLA. 198-217, Denar. Belorbeerter Kopf r. Rs: Kaiser reitet r., davor Soldat. C. 512 (Lesefehler). R.I.C. 107 var. (s. Fußnote). ss Ex Hirsch 190, 1996, Los Nr. 1006. Estimate: 50 EUR

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > Auction 87	Auction date: 14 December 2020
Lot number: 515
Lot description: Galba (68-69), Sestertius, Rome, December AD 68; AE (g 25,14; mm 34; h 5); SER SVLPI GALBA IMP CAESAR AVG P M TR P, laureate and draped bust l., Rv. Galba, in military dress, standing r. on podium, accompanied by praetorian prefect behind him, addressing two helmeted soldiers, each with shields and one with spear, a horse facing between them. Before podium, two tunicate cursores, and in background, vexillum, signum and aquila; in ex. ADLOCVTIO / S C. RIC 468. Extremely rare. Naturalistic portrait struck on a full flan; brown tone with spots of cuprite deposits, somewhat smoothed, anyway about extremely fine. Starting Price: 1500 GBP

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > Auction 87	Auction date: 14 December 2020
Lot number: 10 Price realized: This lot is for sale in an upcoming auction
Lot description: Lucania, Velia, Didrachm signed by Kleudoros, ca. 334-300 BC; AR (g 7,62; mm 20; h 6); Head of Athena facing three quarters l., with winged and crested Phrygian helmet, KΛEYΔΩΡOY clearly signed on front of bowl, Rv. Lion standing l., devouring prey; below, KΛE monogram; above, Λ; in ex. YEΛHTΩN. HN Italy 1295. Rare, some deposits and traces of cleaning, anyway good extremely fine / extremely fine. Starting Price: 1500 GBP

[King John]

Leu Numismatik AG > Auction 6	Auction date: 23 October 2020
Lot number: 84 Price realized: 650 CHF   (Approx. 717 USD / 606 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: SICILY. Syracuse. Agathokles, 317-289 BC. Hemilitron (Bronze, 20 mm, 6.71 g, 8 h), circa 310-309. ΣYPAKOΣIΩN Head of Athena to right, wearing crested Corinthian helmet decorated with a coiled serpent on the bowl, pendant earring and pearl necklace. Rev. Cavalryman charging on horseback to right, holding couched lance in his right hand; below, monogram. Basel 505 (this coin). CNS II, 116/5. SNG ANS 697. A lovely coin with a very attractive brown patina. Good very fine. From the Kleinkunst Collection and from the collection of A. D. Moretti, Numismatica Ars Classica 13, 8 October 1998, 505. Estimate: 350 CHF ILLUSTRAZIONE: Rilievo funerario con cavaliere, Monumento funerario attico degli inizi del IV sec. a.C., Museo di Scultura Antica Giovanni Barracco

 

Modificato 24 Novembre, 2020 da King John

[King John]

Gorny & Mosch Giessener Münzhandlung > Auction 273	Auction date: 19 November 2020
Lot number: 402 Price realized: 5,000 EUR   (Approx. 5,920 USD)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: RÖMISCHE REPUBLIK. RÖMISCHE REPUBLIK NACH 211 V. CHR. Bundesgenossenkrieg, 91 - 89 v. Chr. Denar ø 20mm (3,95g). Mzst. Aesaernia. Vs.: VITELIU (in oskischer Schrift), Kopf der Italia mit Lorbeerkranz n. l. Rs.: Soldat mit Helm u. Schwert, die Rechte auf eine Lanze gestützt, setzt den Fuß auf eine römische Standarte(?), r. ein liegender Stier, im Abschnitt oskisches M. HN Italy 407; Campana 141 (D97 / R118); Syd. 627. R! Prachtexemplar! Dunkle Tönung, vz Ex Auktion Stack's, Bowers & Ponterio, Auktion NYINC Januar 2015, Los 208. Estimate: 3500 EUR

[King John]

LYCIA, Patara. Gordian III. AD 238-244. 29mm Bellerophon on Pegasus above Chimera (CNG/Triton XI, 496)

[King John]

Bertolami Fine Arts - ACR Auctions > Auction 87	Auction date: 14 December 2020
Lot number: 428
Lot description: D. Junius Brutus Albinus, Denarius, Rome, 48 BC; AR (g 3,90; mm 18; h 2); Helmeted head of Mars r., Rv. Two carnyces in saltire; above, oval shield; below, round shield; around, ALBINVS BRVTI F. Crawford 450/1a; Postumia 11, Junia 26; Sydenham 941. Old cabinet tone, struck on a broad flan, good extremely fine - about fdc.; ; Starting Price: 600 GBP Illustrazione: esemplari di carnyx, la tromba da guerra usata dai Celti

Modificato 25 Novembre, 2020 da King John

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > E-Sale 78	Auction date: 17 December 2020
Lot number: 463
Lot description: Aeolis, Temnos Æ 14mm. Circa 1st-2nd century BC. Helmeted head of Athena to right / Helmeted soldier standing to right, holding shield and preparing to throw spear; Α-Θ over T-A in fields. SNG München 609; SNG von Aulock 1674. 1.99g, 14mm, 1h. Good Very Fine. From a private English collection. Estimate: 50 GBP

[King John]

Litra in oro di Gela della fine del V secolo a.C..Cavaliere in abito da parata con elmo di tipo frigio e rappresentazione della divinita fluviale Ghelas ,sotto la leggenda ΓΕΛΑΣ. .E` probabile che questa emissione aurea sia da collegare al periodo di guerra legato alla spedizione cartaginese che distrusse Selinunte ,Himera ,Akragas ,Gela e Camarina tra il 409 e il 405 a.C .

Londra British Museum .

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Triton XXIV	Auction date: 19 January 2021
Lot number: 614
Lot description: MYSIA, Kyzikos. Circa 550-450 BC. EL Stater (17mm, 15.97 g). Archer, nude but for crested helmet, kneeling left, [bow hanging from arm], testing arrow; to right, tunny upward / Quadripartite incuse square. Von Fritze I 116; Greenwell 94; Boston MFA 1484 = Warren 1512; SNG BN –; BMC –; Gulbenkian –; Jameson 1408. Minor double strike, a couple light scuffs on obverse. Good VF. Well centered. Rare. From the Jonathan P. Rosen Collection. Ex Gorny & Mosch 236 (7 March 2016), lot 222; Giessener Münzhandlung 58 (9 April 1992), lot 364; Sternberg XXV (25 November 1991), lot 121. A fairly rare issue, the archer is depicted nude with a crested helmet, bow hanging from the arm, and is in the process of testing the arrow. Greenwell suggests that the coin depicts Jason or one of the Argonauts due to their mythical association with the city. It's also possible that the design is simply meant to be a non-specific part of the subseries of warriors preparing for battle that are depicted in other issues. Estimate: 5000 USD

Modificato 9 Dicembre, 2020 da King John

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Triton XXIV	Auction date: 19 January 2021
Lot number: 615
Lot description: MYSIA, Kyzikos. Circa 550-450 BC. EL Stater (17.5mm, 15.96 g). Warrior, nude but for helmet, blowing into trumpet(?) held in right hand, left hand holding sheathed sword behind, crouching left on [tunny left] / Quadripartite incuse square. Von Fritze I 115; Greenwell 96; Boston MFA –; SNG BN 261 = Pozzi 2180 corr. (weight); BMC –; Gulbenkian –; Jameson –; Myrmekion 27. Lightly toned, minor scrape on obverse. Good VF. Well centered. From the Jonathan P. Rosen Collection. Ex Nomos 13 (7 October 2016), lot 205. This beautiful and rare issue depicts a nude warrior, wearing a helmet and gripping a sheathed sword while blowing a trumpet. Greenwell suggests that the figure is likely Jason or one of the argonauts since they tie in so closely to the mythology of the city. Jason and the argonauts were received well by king Kyzikos and the Doliones, carousing and feasting with them before they departed back upon their journey. But, upon being blown back to Kyzikos from a different direction then they came, they were mistaken for the enemies of the city and attacked. The king and many of his men were killed in the dark, but after Jason and the argonauts were extremely sorrowful and mourned and honored the dead king for three days. Estimate: 7500 USD

 

Modificato 9 Dicembre, 2020 da King John

[King John]

Maison Palombo > Auction 19	Auction date: 12 December 2020
Lot number: 35 Price realized: 8,000 CHF   (Approx. 9,019 USD / 7,436 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: Thessalie - Pharsalos - Drachme (dernier quart du Ve siècle). Très rare et magnifique exemplaire. Exemplaire de la collection BCD vente Triton XV du 3 janvier 2012, N°645. Cet exemplaire publié dans : S. Lavva, Die Münzprägung von Pharsalos, Saarbrucken 2001, p. 170, N° 144h (coins V68/R84) 6.03g - Lavva 144h (cet exemplaire) Superbe – AU The letters ΤΘ on the obverse could allow an attribution of the obverse-die to an engraver mentioned by Pliny the Elder, Telephanes circa 420-400 BC: see S. Lavva, " Telephanes Phoceus", in W. Leschhorn, A.V.B. Miron, A. Miron (eds), Hellas und der griechische Osten. Festschrift P.R. Franke, Saarbrucken 1996, pp. 65-78. A name for the engraver of the reverse, which bear the letters Φ A Σ P, has not been suggested (yet?). As noted by Alan Walker (catalogue Nomos 4, N° 1288), " It seems very likely that the engravers who worked at Pharsalos were also involved with the coinage of Magna Graecia, especially that of Thurium: the heads of Athena are remarkably similar in both places". These coins were certainly struck before the victory of Medelos of Larissa at Pharsalos, circa 395 BC. " Medius, the lord of Larissa in Thessaly, was at war with Lycophron, the tyrant of Pherae, and when he asked for aid to be sent him, the Council dispatched to him two thousand soldiers. After the troops had arrived Medius seized Pharsalus, in which there was a garrison of Lacedaemonians, and sold the inhabitants as booty" (Diodorus XIV.82.5-6). Starting Price: 7000 CHF

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Triton XXIV	Auction date: 19 January 2021
Lot number: 140
Lot description: Civil War. AD 68-69. AR Denarius (17.5mm, 3.05 g, 6h). Uncertain mint in Gaul. MARS VLTOR, Mars, naked but for helmet, advancing right, brandishing javelin in right hand and holding round shield in left; parazonium at left side / S P • Q R within oak wreath. RIC I 54 var. (obv. legend placement); AM 71; RSC 414; BMCRE 23-4; BN 22-3. Toned, a few surface marks and light scratches. VF. Very rare. From the Peter J. Merani Collection. Ex Viggo Collection (Triton XXII, 8 January 2019), lot 1031; Aureo & Calicó 241 (8 February 2012), lot 33. Estimate: 1000 USD

Modificato 17 Dicembre, 2020 da King John

[coinzh]

La gemma

e' stata battuta in asta a 10'000 euro

[King John]

11 ore fa, coinzh dice:

La gemma

e' stata battuta in asta a 10'000 euro

E li merita tutti... 

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > E-Sale 78	Auction date: 17 December 2020
Lot number: 1043 Price realized: 300 GBP   (Approx. 405 USD / 332 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: Ti. Veturius AR Denarius. Rome, 137 BC. Helmeted and draped bust of Mars right; TI•VET (ligate) downwards and X behind / Two soldiers face each other, one bearded and without armour, one bearded and in armour; each holds a spear in left hand and with sword in right hand touches pig held by figure kneeling between them; above, ROMA. Crawford 234/1; BMCRR Rome 550; RSC Veturia 1. 4.13g, 20mm, 9h. Near Mint State. From the collection of Z.P., Austria. Estimate: 150 GBP

[King John]

Classical Numismatic Group > Triton XXIV	Auction date: 19 January 2021
Lot number: 468
Lot description: KINGS of MACEDON. Alexander III 'the Great'. 336-323 BC. AR 'Medallion' of 2 Shekels or Tetradrachm (24mm, 15.35 g, 9h). Local (Satrapal) mint in Babylon. Struck circa 325-323 BC. Archer, in Persian attire, drawing bow right; monogram to left / Elephant walking right; Ξ below. Price pp. 452–3 and pl. CLIX, I (same dies); F. Holt, Alexander the Great and the Mystery of the Elephant Medallions (Berkeley, 2003), Appendix A, E/B 1–3 (dies 1/A) = M.J. Price, "Circulation at Babylon in 323 B.C." in Mnemata: Papers in Memory of Nancy M. Waggoner (New York, 1991), 14–6 = M.J. Price, "The 'Porus' Coinage of Alexander the Great: a Symbol of Concord and Community" in SPNO, Obv. A/Rev. a, i–iii. Toned, typical rough and porous surfaces. Near VF. Very rare, one of approximately twelve known, of which four are in museums, none in CoinArchives. From the Collection of a Northern California Gentleman, purchased from Frank Kovacs, October 1995. Undoubtedly one of the most fascinating and intriguing issues associated with Alexander the Great, the 'Poros' Coinage has sparked debate about all aspects of its production and meaning. One point that is not contentious for a consensus of scholars is the interpretation of the designs; clearly they commemorate the great victory of Alexander against Poros at the Hydaspes. What is still debated is where, when, and under what circumstances were they produced. Both W. Hollstein ("Taxiles' Prägung für Alexander den Grossen," SNR 68 [1989], pp. 5-17) and F.L. Holt (Alexander the Great and the Mystery of the Elephant Medallions [Berkeley, 2003]) advocate for an emission struck while Alexander was in India, though they differ on the circumstances. Curtius (8.12.15) mentions that, while Alexander was in Taxila prior to the battle at the Hydaspes, Taxiles (Omphis) gave Alexander 80 talents of silver (signati argenti), and Hollstein suggests that the Poros coinage was the form in which this silver was given to the Macedonian king. M.J. Price disagreed, noting that the medium of coinage at Taxila was silver punch-marked bars, and the use of Greek types and monograms by Taxiles would be unlikely (cf. Price p. 452, n. 9). Moreover, M.J. Olbrycht's analysis of the regalia of Alexander on these coins concluded that they are Iranian, rather than Indian ("On Coin Portraits of Alexander the Great and His Iranian Regalia," Notae Numismaticae VI [2011]: 13–27). Similarly, with the exception of the elephant and its riders, the types on the coins are of specifically Iranian, and not Indian, iconography (cf. M.J. Olbrycht, "Macedonia and Persia," in J. Roisman and I. Worthington, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia [Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2007]: 361). None of these aspects of the coins seem consistent with an issue that Taxiles would strike for Alexander, and the depiction of such a battle scene is unlikely prior to the famous encounter at the Hydaspes, let alone an amicable exchange of gifts between these two kings (see also R.J. Lane Fox, "Text and Image: Alexander the Great, Coins and Elephants," BICS 41 [1996]: 103–4). In contrast to Hollstein, Holt placed the issue after the battle of the Hydaspes and considered the coins as aristeia, awards for meritorious service that would be handed out after the conflict. Holt's theory has two flaws. The first is that Alexander and Poros were allies following the conflict, so such an issue would be highly unlikely while Alexander was still in India. The second problem is that it seems unlikely that Alexander would decide at this point in his long campaign to use a medallion or coinage as aristeia, when other objects, such as spoils of the battle, would suffice (and probably had sufficed before). The most significant problem for both Hollstein and Holt, however, is the record of where the 'Poros' coins have been found. Nearly all of the extant examples, of all the denominations in the series, are from the Iraq 1973 Hoard; only one coin, a dekadrachm, has an eastern provenance (Bukhara – but this provenance is only anecdotal). If this coinage was produced and distributed in the east, it seems incredible that nearly all that are known today would be from a single hoard found in the region of Babylonia. Moreover, the Poros coins in the hoard exhibit almost no wear, which suggests they did not circulate much, if at all, prior to the deposit of the hoard. It is more logical that the coins were produced in relatively close proximity to the hoard – in Babylonia. Although Price originally thought the issue belonged in India, he finally decided they probably had "a Mesopotamian origin" (Price, p. 452). R.J. Lane Fox, "Text and Image," advanced a plausible argument for Susa, based on the coins' epigraphy, AB monogram and Ξ, noting that these may equate to Aboulites, Alexander's satrap of Susa, and Xenophilos, the garrison commander, who also was the keeper of the treasury in Susa. While this theory is intriguing, Lane Fox noted the difficulty of assigning the coins to Susa, which produced high quality Alexanders, and substantiating the circumstances for such a coinage by these two officers. This theory also ignores the Iranian character of the imagery noted by Olbrycht, which would make little sense for an official issue by the Macedonian administration as Lane Fox suggests. Price, who originally advanced the theory ("The Porus Coinage of Alexander the Great," 83–4), rejected it as "highly speculative," as did Hollstein and others. In Babylonia at that time, there were at least two mints operating: an imperial mint in Babylon that produced the Alexander-type coinage, and at least one mint striking issues that were of a local character. This 'local' (or 'satrapal') mint was responsible for the Baal/Lion staters of Mazaios and his successors that were struck on the Babylonian shekel standard, and is thought to have produced coinage for the local Babylonian economy. If the 'Poros Coinage' was struck in Babylonia, it must have been at the 'local' mint, for the local coinage has the same characteristics – very thick flan, uneven striking, somewhat porous metal, less refined style – while the coins of the imperial mint were of a totally different character – relatively thinner flans, even striking, good metal, and a refined style. It is logical to assume that if this coinage was a commemorative coinage struck by Alexander for his Macedonian commanders, they would have been struck at the imperial mint, using its refined dies and higher quality metal. In fact, the imperial mint did produce a series of Alexander-type dekadrachms (Price 3598 and 3600), which were of the same high quality as the ubiquitous tetradrachms. The mint workers there had the experience to produce high quality dekadrachms, and it would only make sense for them to produce the 'Poros Coinage' if Alexander wanted to have them struck within the context of his imperial coinage. The fact that the coins were not produced there strongly suggests that they were not meant to be an official commemorative issue by Alexander for his Macedonian commanders. This also makes sense considering that Alexander never even issued a commemorative coinage for his greatest achievement, the defeat of the Persian Empire at Gaugamela, which had been not only his own goal, but the goal of his countrymen, and at least some of the Greeks who fought with him. As the series was struck at the 'local' mint, it is most likely that the coins were struck for members of the local population, rather than any of the Macedonians or Greeks. At the time of the battle at the Hydaspes, there was a large contingent of troops in Alexander's army who were raised from the local populations of the eastern satrapies (see, e.g., N.G.L. Hammond, "Alexander's Non-European Troops and Ptolemy I's Use of Such Troops," BASP 33 [1996]: 99–109; and M.J. Olbrycht, "First Iranian military units in the army of Alexander the Great," Anabasis 2 [2011]: 67–84). Unlike the Macedonians and Greeks, who probably would have viewed Gaugamela as the most significant victory during their tenure under Alexander, to the troops raised from the populations of the east, the victory over Poros would have been the most important event in which they had participated. Thus, the event commemorated on the coins, the regalia of the figures on the coins, and the particular mint point to the recipients being local, probably Iranian, leaders who had served under Alexander. The identification of the exact people involved, however, cannot yet be determined with certainty, although Alexander's Persian Companion Cavalry (Arr. 7.6.3) is an attractive possibility (the horseman on the obverse may serve a dual purpose as a reference to both Alexander and the Persian cavalrymen, both of whom would have been armed with a xyston as depicted on the coins). Alexander's popularity among the eastern leaders was significantly high, possibly even more so han among his war-weary countrymen and accompanying Greeks, so he certainly would have had good reason to reward them with such an issue (see also Olbrycht, "Macedonia and Persia," 361). Using the local mint, which was controlled by Alexander's Babylonian satrap, for such a purpose would be perfectly reasonable. Estimate: 10000 USD

[VALTERI]

Il 15 Gennaio, in asta Burgan-Florange, un accessorio per guerriero, un bellissimo elmo corinzio su una piuttosto rara frazione di Massalia

[King John]

Savoca Numismatik GmbH & Co. KG > Online Auction 93 | Silver	Auction date: 17 January 2021
Lot number: 562
Lot description: Constantine I the Great AD 306-337. Struck AD 312-313. Ticinum Follis Æ 23 mm, 4,31 g CONSTANTINVS P F AVG, laureate, cuirassed bust of Constantine to right / SOLI INVICTO COMITI, S T, Sol standing facing, raising right hand and holding globe. very fine RIC 133. Starting Price: 50 EUR

Modificato 23 Dicembre, 2020 da King John

[King John]

Nomos AG > obolos 17	Auction date: 20 December 2020
Lot number: 338 Price realized: 1,601 CHF   (Approx. 1,810 USD / 1,478 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: CILICIA. Tarsos. Circa 440-410 BC. Stater (Silver, 21 mm, 10.80 g, 11 h). Horseman (Syennesis?) riding to left, wearing kyrbasia, holding lotus flower in his right hand and reins in his left, and with a bow in bowcase on the saddle; below horse, key symbol. Rev. Two Persian soldiers, standing vis-a-vis, each holding a vertical spear with both hands, with a bow over his far shoulder and with a bowcase over his shoulder; between them, possible traces of an erased inscription (TRZ), or nothing. Cf. Casabonne Type D1 = Traité II, 2, 526 and Pl. cvi, 6. Extremely rare. Struck from a worn obverse die and with minor scratches on the reverse, otherwise, good very fine. The name Syennesis was apparently a dynastic one used by the native kings of Cilicia, who were vassals of the Persians during the late 6th and 5th centuries BC. Kings with this name are known from the late 7th century onward: one was a commander under both Darius I and Xerxes I, and another was involved in the conflict between Artaxerxes II and Cyrus the Younger as described by Xenophon. Starting Price: 1000 CHF

[King John]

Roma Numismatics Ltd > E-Sale 73	Auction date: 23 July 2020
Lot number: 630 Price realized: 450 GBP   (Approx. 573 USD / 494 EUR)   Note: Prices do not include buyer's fees.
Lot description: Julia Domna (wife of S. Severus) Æ28 of Ilium, Troas. AD 193-217. IOV ΔOMN CЄBACTH, draped bust right / [Є]K[T]Ω[P] IΛIЄNΩN, Hector charging to right, holding shield and about to hurl torch. Bellinger T225. 9.47g, 28mm, 6h. Good Very Fine; slightly rough green patina. Extremely Rare; no other examples on CoinArchives. Ex Roma Numismatics Ltd., E-Sale 60, 1 August 2019, lot 525; Acquired from Classical Numismatic Group LLC; Ex Numismatik Naumann, Auction 58, 1 October 2017, lot 257. The mint of Ilium had been idle during the civil war that followed the death of Commodus in AD 192, but when Septimius Severus emerged as victor new coins gradually began to appear. While Septimius' wife Julia Domna occupies the obverse of this coin, its reverse recalls a moment from the city's mythological past that had taken root in narratives of the Trojan War. Hector is depicted in the moment before he launched the momentous assault that finally penetrated the Achaean rampart: holding a shield to protect himself Hector strides forward determined to plant a flaming torch into the prow of an Achaean ship, a moment related in Homer's Iliad: 'And now, tell me, O Muses that hold your mansions on Olympus, how fire was thrown upon the ships of the Achaeans. Hector came close up and let drive with his great sword at the ashen spear of Ajax. He cut it clean in two just behind where the point was fastened on to the shaft of the spear. Ajax, therefore, had now nothing but a headless spear, while the bronze point flew some way off and came ringing down on to the ground. Ajax knew the hand of heaven in this, and was dismayed at seeing that Zeus had now left him utterly defenceless and was willing victory for the Trojans. Therefore, he drew back, and the Trojans flung fire upon the ship which was at once wrapped in flame. The fire was now flaring about the ship's stern, whereon Achilles smote his two thighs and said to Patroklos, "Up, noble horseman, for I see the glare of hostile fire at our fleet; up, lest they destroy our ships, and there be no way by which we may retreat. Gird on your armour at once while I call our people together."' (Hom. Il. 16.112-124). Estimate: 750 GBP

[King John]

Gerhard Hirsch Nachfolger > Auction 364	Auction date: 11 February 2021
Lot number: 1021 Price realized: This lot is for sale in an upcoming auction
Lot description GRIECHISCHE MÜNZEN, ITALIEN, BRUTTIUM, BRETTISCHE LIGA. Lot Bronzen. 2. Hälfte 3. Jh v. Chr. Behelmter Areskopf l. Rs: Nike bekränzt Tropaeum und Bellona/Brettia mit Schild und Speer. 27 mm. Zusammen 2 Exemplare. Etwas fleckige Patina. ss Ex Sammlung R.P. Erworben 1989 und 1990. Estimate: 125 EUR ILLUSTRAZIONE: RILIEVO VOTIVO AD ARES E AFRODITE, V SECOLO A.C., VENEZIA, MUSEO ARCHEOLOGICO NAZIONALE